Special educational needs support 'offered after exclusion'
特殊教育需求支持“被排斥后提供”
Emily says she feels let down by the system after only receiving support once she had been excluded by school
艾米丽说，她只在被学校拒之门外后才得到支持，因此她对这一制度感到失望
Thousands of children with special educational needs were only offered support after they were excluded from school, the BBC has learned.
BBC获悉，数千名有特殊教育需求的儿童在被学校拒之门外后才得到支持。
A Freedom of Information request found that since 2017, more than 1,300 children were granted an education and healthcare plan (EHCP) after exclusion.
一项信息自由请求发现，自2017年以来，超过1300名儿童在被排除后获得了教育和医疗计划(EHCP)。
An EHCP legally obliges local authorities and healthcare providers to meet a child's needs.
EHCP在法律上要求地方当局和医疗保健提供者满足儿童的需求。
The Department for Education said it was due to increase funding.
教育部表示，将增加资金。
It said it would increase its spending for children with special educational needs (SEND) by 1.5bn over the next two years.
该公司表示，将在未来两年增加15亿GB用于有特殊教育需求的儿童的支出。
According to government data from 2019, 14.9% of all pupils in England have SEND, and of those 3.1% have EHCPs.
根据2019年的政府数据，英国14.9%的学生都有SEND，其中3.1%的学生有EHCP。
The information request, responded to by 73 (48% ) of councils in England, revealed that more than a quarter of SEND pupils were issued with an EHCP only after exclusion.
英国73个(48%)的议会回应了这一信息请求，结果显示，超过四分之一的寄宿学生是在被排除在外后才获得EHCP的。
Long process
漫长的过程。
Coventry City Council granted EHCPs to more than 40% of its permanently excluded SEND pupils.
考文垂市议会批准了超过40%的永久被排除在外的寄宿学生参加EHCP。
It said the data highlighted that a student's "level of need is not fully identified... prior to their exclusion".
报告称，这些数据突显出，一名学生“在被排除在外之前，他们的需要程度还没有完全确定”。
An EHCP is often seen as the only way of accessing the support a child needs.
EHCP通常被视为获得儿童所需支持的唯一途径。
It outlines the needs of each individual, which can include access to therapies or admissions to specialist schools.
它概述了每个人的需求，包括获得治疗或进入专业学校的机会。
But many applications are initially turned down and only issued on appeal - a process that can take months or even years.
但许多申请最初被拒绝，只有在上诉时才会发出-这一过程可能需要几个月甚至几年的时间。
Emily Child, who has autism, was granted an ECHP after her mother appealed against the council's decision not to grant one.
患有自闭症的艾米丽·蔡尔德(Emily Child)在她的母亲对理事会不批准ECHP的决定提出上诉后，获得了ECHP。
By this point, Emily, who was 13, had experienced multiple suspensions and had been transferred from her mainstream school to a pupil referral unit.
在这一点上，13岁的艾米丽已经经历了多次停学，并从她的主流学校转到了学生转介单位。
Emily, now 21, says that at the time she was known to mental health services, and had started taking blades into school to self-harm.
现年21岁的艾米丽说，当时她为心理健康服务机构所熟知，并开始把刀片带进学校进行自我伤害。
"I think my school tried their best, but with the resources they had they could only do so much," she says. "Instead of there being support, I was just put in isolation on my own."
她说：“我认为我的学校已经尽力了，但凭借他们拥有的资源，他们只能做这么多。”“我没有得到支持，而是被孤立了。”
A lack of funding and resources has stalled the provision for other pupils too.
资金和资源的缺乏也阻碍了对其他学生的资助。
'Why haven't I got any friends?'
“为什么我一个朋友都没有？”
Isaac, aged 10, who has autism and ADHD, has received no education for 13 months despite having an EHCP.
10岁的艾萨克患有自闭症和多动症，尽管有EHCP，但他已经13个月没有接受过任何教育。
His last school placement broke down after his mum, Sarah, was told it was unable to meet his needs, and his new school says it needs more funding before it can support him.
在他的母亲莎拉被告知无法满足他的需求后，他的最后一次入学申请破裂，他的新学校表示需要更多资金才能支持他。
"We've had very little contact from anyone," Sarah said. "He keeps saying: 'Why haven't I got any friends?'"
萨拉说：“我们几乎没有收到任何人的联系。”“他一直在说：‘为什么我没有朋友？’”
Marijke Miles, chair of the National Association of Head Teachers' SEND Council, said the figures revealed a "stretched" system.
全国校长派遣委员会主席Marijke Miles说，这些数据揭示了一个“捉襟见肘”的系统。
"An exclusion is an incredibly distressing situation for everybody, and we would hope that in an effective system a comprehensive EHCP would prevent that situation."
“对每个人来说，被排除在外都是一种令人难以置信的痛苦局面，我们希望在一个有效的系统中，一个全面的EHCP能够防止这种情况发生。”
She said many schools wanted to support their pupils, but "blockers" - such as a lack of training and access to assessment services - meant children could fall through the gaps.
她说，许多学校想要支持他们的学生，但“拦路虎”--比如缺乏培训和评估服务--意味着孩子们可能会在差距中脱颖而出。
But, she added, EHCPs were not a silver bullet.
但是，她补充说，EHCP不是灵丹妙药。
"There's a rising need for specialist provision and a reduced capacity for schools to meet those needs."
“对专业人才的需求越来越大，而学校满足这些需求的能力却在下降。”
The amount spent on tribunals, triggered by guardians unhappy with the support offered, has also become a concern.
监护人对所提供的支持不满，引发了在法庭上花费的金额，这也成为了一个令人担忧的问题。
Robert Halfon MP, chairman of the House of Commons Education Select Committee said: "Local authorities spend 90m-plus a year on tribunals for children with SEND and mostly lose those tribunals.
下议院教育特别委员会主席罗伯特·哈丰(Robert Halfon)说：“地方当局每年在儿童SEND法庭上花费9000多万GB，但大多数法庭都输掉了这些法庭。”
"That's money that could be spent on the front line."
“这笔钱可以花在前线。”
The Local Government Association, which represents councils in England, said tribunals were "a last resort" and "do not take into account a council's finite resources to support children with SEND".
代表英格兰议会的地方政府协会(Local Government Association)表示，法庭是“最后的手段”，“不考虑议会的有限资源来支持患有SEND的儿童”。
The Department for Education said its SEND review, due out in 2021, would improve how young people with additional needs were supported.
教育部表示，定于2021年发布的SEND审查将改善对有额外需求的年轻人的支持方式。
Once Emily was granted her EHCP, she remained out of education for a year until she was found a suitable placement.
一旦艾米丽获得了EHCP，她就有一年没有接受教育，直到找到了合适的工作。
Now she is campaigning to improve the education system for vulnerable pupils.
现在，她正在为改善弱势学生的教育系统而奔走。
"I just want to make sure the system changes, because my experience is not unique.
“我只是想确保系统发生变化，因为我的经历并不是独一无二的。
"My motto is change the system, not the person."
“我的座右铭是改变制度，而不是改变人。”
